01
Traffic Management
The difference between layer 4 and layer 7 balancing, the tail distribution rules leave on subjects with unequal capacity, the purpose of the two proxy types, edge caching's pull and push models, and what classification and shaping make whom pay.
- 01 Load Balancers A balancer working at the transport layer distributes connections, one working at the application layer distributes requests; on the same forty subjects, one overruns 17 subjects by 438 units, the other 16 subjects by 310 units, and the transport layer's own gauge shows the same number for all forty of the forty subjects.
- 02 Load Balancing Algorithms Four distribution rules are run on the same forty subjects at two separate loads; at load 1200 overrunning subjects come out 6 / 0 / 0, at load 2600 23 / 40 / 40 and overrun units 533 / 245 / 264, 1160 units sit idle at 1200, and what makes the proportional rule's overrun column look clean is the 19 units it never distributes.
- 03 Reverse Proxy and Forward Proxy The same limit number produces two separate tails on two proxies; at limit 30 the reverse proxy leaves 6 subjects unprotected and 1160 units idle, the forward proxy counts that same 1160 units as throttled legitimate demand, and because it never sees 9 of the forty subjects and 430 units, its own report shows only 993 units.
- 04 Content Delivery Networks Under the pull model, the edge carries only what has been requested and its cost is 33 misses; under the push model, misses are zero but 402 units of never-requested content sit at the edge; once an 800-unit limit is placed on the edge, pull gives 245 misses, push that does not know popularity gives 379, and in both models the object the edge never sees at all climbs to 25.
- 05 Quality of Service Three scheduling rules are run on the same forty subjects, and the 433 units that cannot be served stay the same across all three; strict priority brings the interactive class's wait from 1.13 rounds to 0.00 while sending the standby class from 1.28 to 5.76 rounds and into a 433-unit tail, and the overall average drops from 1.19 to 0.40, appearing to improve.